Research has revealed various signs that may predict the development of dementia years before symptoms are realized. A recent study by the RAND Corporation has identified significant predictors of cognitive impairment and dementia in individuals around age 60. Research has indicated that behavioral factors often outweigh genetic predispositions in predicting dementia risk.
RAND economist Peter Hudomiet stated, “Overall, we found that risk factors had a similar effect in the short and long term, which reassured us that the findings from prior literature may hold in the long term.”
Hudomiet said, “Exercising even more often (weekly or daily) had some additional benefits, but not that much,” adding, “In other words, the main risk factor for dementia was never exercising.”
Individuals who never exercise face a significantly higher chance of developing dementia compared to those who engage in light exercise.
Experts suggest that addressing modifiable risk factors could delay or prevent up to 45% of dementia cases. Key lifestyle changes include adopting a balanced diet and maintaining a consistent exercise routine.
A decline in walking speed is a potential indicator of cognitive decline. Research involving over 16,800 participants aged 65 and older found that decreased walking speed, particularly with cognitive decline, is a strong predictor of dementia risk.
Dr. Taya A. Collyer, PhD, said, “The combination of declining memory and slowing gait seems to be a stronger indicator of future dementia risk than decline in one of those things alone.”
Dr. Amy Brodtmann, a neurologist and professor of the Cognitive Health Initiative at Monash University in Australia, told Fox News Digital, “There has long been an assumption that a slowdown – of walking, thinking and actions – is a sign not just of aging, but of developing cognitive impairment and dementia.”
The study by RAND emphasized the importance of early identification of dementia risk factors. Regular assessments of walking speed and physical health can help identify at-risk individuals, ensuring timely interventions.
Courtney Kloske, PhD, director of scientific engagement for the Alzheimer’s Association in Chicago, Illinois, stated, “Up to 45% of dementia cases could be delayed or prevented by adopting healthy lifestyle factors.”
Understanding the predictors of dementia and implementing lifestyle changes can significantly impact cognitive health. Prioritizing physical activity, managing health conditions, and fostering social connections may enhance the chances of maintaining cognitive function well into old age.
Family history plays a role in dementia risk, but demographic factors, such as being born in the Southern United States, and health insurance status, like lacking private insurance at age 60, are also significant.
